Data Base - 2318 Words

Unit 5 Research Assignment 1: Compare the Different Relational Database Management Systems In an article written By Suqing Wang, eHow Contributor SQL Server Vs. Oracle Data Types Database While designing and defining tables in databases, it is important to find out the data type for each column in the data tables. A data type is an attribute which defines the type of data an object can retain: integer, string, data and time, etc. There are basically three main types: text, numbers and date/times. The data types are different, depending on the database management system (DBMS), the various types of which include SQL Server, Oracle and MySQL. Other People Are Reading * How to Convert SQL to Oracle * Difference Between MS SQL and an†¦show more content†¦Many Oracle reserved words are valid object or column names in Microsoft SQL Server. For example, DATE is a reserved word in Oracle, but it is not a reserved word in Microsoft SQL Server. Therefore, no column is allowed to have the name DATE in Oracle, but a column can be named DATE in Microsoft SQL Server. Use of reserved words as schema object names makes it impossible to use the same names across databases. You should choose a schema object name that is unique by case and by at least one other characteristic, and ensureShow MoreRelatedWhat Is A Data Base?1018 Words   |  5 Pages What is a data base? This is a programme which collects large amounts of data and organises it eg, alphabetical order. It is run by a software called ‘Access’. It is most useful in businesses to retrieve information. It consists of different structures such as rows and columns. Each row corresponds to the data that is entered. Databases aren’t always used on a computer which is known as electronic but there are many other formats such as printed, graphic and audio. Queries are also used to searchRead MoreData Base Management System13582 Words   |  55 PagesFie lFile Organization Terms amp; Conceptscomprises a record; A computer system organizes data in a hierarchy t A computer system organizes data in a hierarchy that starts with bits and bytes and progresses to fields, records, files, and databases. * A bit represents the smallest unit of data a computer can handle. * A group of bits, called a byte, represents a single character, which can be a letter, a number, or another symbol. * A grouping of characters into aRead MoreData Base Marketing3687 Words   |  15 Pageshhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh Case- Harrah’s Entertainment Inc. Questions: 1. What are the objectives of the various Data Base marketing programs and are they working? 2. Why is it important to use the â€Å"customer worth† in the DBM efforts rather than observed level of play? 3. How does Harrah’s integrate the various elements of its marketing strategy to deliver more than the results of Data Base marketing? 4. What is the sustainability of Harrah’s actions and strategy? 5. What are the privacy and ethicalRead MoreData Base Assignment1117 Words   |  5 PagesCustomersubtotal 1000 and Customersubtotal 500; 5. (15 pts) What are our gross revenues per month? Perform this calculation for the eight months contained within the data set (July 1996 - February 1997). If the data set contained multiple years of order detail, what would be the code to calculate average revenues per month (for example, if the data set contained 5 years of order detail, how would you find the average revenues for January, February, March, April, etc. for those 5 years)? Gross RevenueRead MoreBuilding A Data Base Is Imperative1810 Words   |  8 PagesTaking Your Business â€Å"BACK to the BASICS† Building a data base is IMPERATIVE to building a business. This needs starts with The owner’s daily schedule. Most centers have an average of 2500-3000 businesses around them, and YOU need to visit all of them eventually. The sooner the better, by setting out in an organized Manner this can happen in 2-3 months, building your business at the same time. While you are doing this, you will not only build the database but put your face and brand in frontRead MoreData Base On Banking Files1147 Words   |  5 Pages Assignment-1 Data Base on Banking Files Student name: Hari Sai Reddy Danda Professor Name: Hammed Elbodour Course Title: CMP 553-Analysis, ModelingDesign. Date: Feburary-07-2015. â€Æ' Scope and Vision: The project is to create a data base for the bank this gives an idea about the daily, weekly, and monthly details. For this we have to design a data base to the extent of required by the user. Project is clear to understand and also helps the employer to access easily. Errors are negligibleRead MoreIdentifying A Nosql Data Base3050 Words   |  13 PagesFor the challenges we are facing be it technical or functional we find a NoSql data base as a best fit. We found out that NoSql incorporates a wide mixed bag of various database technologies and were produced in response to the rising data needs. Also when in comparison to the RDBMS present in the market NoSql provides an enriched performance and better scalability solutions. So in search of the best fit as our solution we searched out various types of NoSql database types and found out about DocumentRead MoreAdvantages Of Data Base Management System973 Words   |  4 Pagesevery other kind of human endeavourâ₠¬ . The major advantages of Data Base Management System (DBMS) are described below. CONTROL DATA REDUNDANCY: This feature allow to store all data in a single database avoiding traditional computer file processing that means each application has its own files and the same files are created in many different places. With DBMS all data are saved in one place in database and it’s not duplicated. In DMBS the data redundancy can be controlled or reduced but is not removedRead MoreFile Management Systems And Data Base Management System766 Words   |  4 Pagesdifferences between file management system and data base management system A.)File Management System:- 1. Scarcely no. of files used 2. Doesn’t furnish collateral 3. Data redundancy is muddle loss of integrity. (accurate and consistent data) 4. Data is isolated 5. Data ingress takes lot of times 6. Concurrency control is not possible single user system 7. Compact preliminary design 8. Transaction concept not used 9. Data redundancy 10. Difficult data ingress 11. Integrity muddle 12. Atomicity muddleRead MoreLab Report On Titration Lab1334 Words   |  6 PagesMariam Sy May 8, 2014 Acid- Base Titration Lab Write-up Introduction: Titration is the process of adding measured volumes of a base or acid with a known concentration to an acid or base with an unknown concentration in order to determine the unknown concentration. Volume measurements play an important role in titration. It involves measuring the exact volume of a solution with a known concentration that will react with a measured volume of a solution that has an unknown concentration. The

Health Care Delivery System in the United States Free Essays

Abstract The United States health care delivery system is comprised of a complex, unorganized and flawed health system, compared to that of Australia’s health care system. The four components of the inefficient system in the United States are categorized into a quad-functional model. Financing, insurance, deliver and payment are the four flawed components. We will write a custom essay sample on Health Care Delivery System in the United States or any similar topic only for you Order Now Australia’s efficient and organized system is based on a national health system, which consists of one central agency; the government. The United States health system is comprised of countless public and private entities. Australia’s health care system is superior to that of the United States. Table of Contents Title Page†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦1 Abstract†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 2 Table of Contents†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦3 Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 4 References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 9 Introduction The quality of health care is vital to a nations well being. The United States is comprised of one of the most complex health care delivery systems throughout the world. The complexity of the United States health care delivery is comprised of countless individuals and organizations, which include both public and private entities. Unlike the health care delivery system of Australia, the network of interrelated components of the U. S. health care system does not work together in an organized and efficient manner. Some of the components tend to overlap one another. The United States health care delivery system is based on the quad-function model, which consists of four components that are categorized into financing, insurance, delivery and payment. The fact that the United States health care system is not governed by a single central agency, opposed to Australia’s national health system, countless Americans endure physical and emotional suffering from the inefficiency of the system. Financing is one of the most important components of health care delivery system in the United States. This component pertains to the methods of paying for costly diagnostic tests, procedures, hospitals visits and treatment. Demand and supply has inflated the cost of health related services. Paying for health services is extremely costly without health insurance. Thanks to the a majority of employment establishments, most employed Americans, as well as their dependent children and spouses, are provided affordable health insurance. Although most employed Americans are provided health insurance, the United States health delivery system is fragmented and lacks to provide much needed health insurance for the majority of the unemployed American population. The second component of the quad-functional model pertains to insurance. Ownership of a health insurance plan protects individuals against health related issues. Insurance is very beneficial during occurrences when needing costly health care services. Insurance policies also determine the extent of health services the insured individuals are entitled to receive. Most insurance policies specify details of the health care policy holders are entitled to receive. Unlike Australia, the citizens of America, except for the elderly who receive Medicare, must obtain their own insurance. The third component of the United States quad-functional model pertains to delivery. In terms of delivery, the quad-functional model refers to the proviso of health care services, along with the receipt of insurance payments for the health related services received. The payments are paid to providers who deliver health care supplies and services. The recipients of payment consist of doctors, therapists, hospitals, diagnostics and imaging clinics, and suppliers of health care related equipment. The difference between the health care systems of the United States versus the health care system of Australia is that Australia’s healthcare system is based on a national health care program. The highly organized and efficient system mainly consists of private practitioners (Hall 1999; Podger 1999). The fourth and final component of the United States quad-functional model pertains to payment. The payment function deals with reimbursement to providers for services delivered. Reimbursement is the determination of how much to pay for a certain service. The fact that Australia’s health care system is based on a national health care program, individuals who receive health related services are not overwhelmed with stress of worrying about making payment the providers of health services. Australia’s government handles all aspects of health care. The four components of the United States health care system dramatically vary from the components of the health care system in Australia. The health care system of Australia is classified as a national health care system. Unlike the United States, Australia’s health care system is referred to as a single-payer system or a system that is governed by a single central agency; the Australian government. The government finances health care through the means of general taxes, even though health care is delivered by private providers. The benefit of a central agency governing the health care system is that it eliminates the complexity by eliminating components that exists in the multi-payer system of the United States health care system. Although the citizens of the United States are free to choose the method of obtaining health care, countless individuals are left without any means of health care. There are many negative characteristics that differentiate the United States health care delivery system from that of other countries, such as Australia. These characteristics result in fragments and inconsistencies within the system. The United States health care system is flawed based on the fact that it is not governed by a central agency, health care services are limited to the confined terms of the insurance policy, multiple public and private entities results in lack of efficiency, and extremely high cost of health care services. Australia spends 8. 7 percent of its GDP on health care and covers everyone, irrespective of their employment status (Grant 1987; Lapsley 1987) Due to the complexity and inefficiency of the United States’ health care delivery system, many people in the U. S. go without much needed health care. The extremely high cost in the U. S. results in countless uninsured American from having the financial ability to receive access to health care services. More than two-fifths of lower-income adults in the U. S. said they went without needed care because of costs in the past year (Davis 2007; Schoen 2007; Holmgren; Shea 2007). The uninsured have options to receive services at county hospitals and government establishments, but their quality of services is much lower. The finding from my in depth research indicates that many changes need to be implemented into the health are delivery system in the United States, to improve the complex and fragmented system. The private health insurance covers care received in private hospitals (Australian Government 2004). To improve quality of life, the system in the United States should be changed from a multi-payer to a single-payer system, which is classified as a national health system or NHS. Aquiring private health insurance is voluntary, but st rongly encouraged by the Australian government through tax subsidies for purchasers and tax penalties for non-purchasers (Healy 2002). The government will manage the overall infrastructure of the health system, without any regard to capitalism. All entities who seek personal financial gain will not be included in the NHS. This change will terminate most of the components that bring injustice to the citizens who are excluded, which mostly consists of unemployed individuals. The United States economy is driven by capitalism, where the where motives behind actions derive from pursuit of monetary gain. In a loosely organized system, countless entities and individuals seek monetary gain, without regard or compassion for human life. Greed is the main element in the United States complex health care delivery system. In 1998, the death rate pertaining to the health care delivery system was 25 to 50 percent higher in the United States than in Australia. Australia ranks highest on healthy lives, compared to the United States (Davis 2007; Schoen 2007; Holmgren; Shea 2007). The implementation of a national health care system, similar to that of Australia, will foster ethical practices and equality for all citizens of the United States. This change will impact health professionals greatly. Most likely their salaries will be reduced drastically and their employers will be the national government. In my opinion, most physicians are overpaid currently. Price inflation based on a free market economy will be more controlled. References Australian Government, Department of Health and Ageing (2004). Australia: selected health care delivery and financing statistics. Davis, K. , Schoen, C. , Schoenbaum, S. C. , Doty, M. , Holmgren, A. L. , Kriss, Shea, K. Mirror, Mirror on the Wall (2007): An International Update on the Comparative Performance of American Health Care, The Commonwealth Fund, 3. Grant Lapsley (1987). The Australian Health Care System, 1987, 139, Table 7. 15 Hall, J. 1999. Incremental change in the Australian health care system. Health affairs 18, no. 3:95-110 Healy, J. 2002. Australia. In Dixon, A. , and E. Mossialos, eds. Health care system in eight countries: trends and challenges. London: The European Obse rvatory on Health Care Systems, London School of Economics Political Science, 3-16. How to cite Health Care Delivery System in the United States, Essay examples

Introduction to Business Law and Ethics Implied Terms

Question: Discuss about theIntroduction to Business Law and Ethics for Implied Terms. Answer: Introduction A contractual term is that part provision that forms part and goes to the root of a contract.[1] It forms the main purpose of the contract. A term is an integral part of a contract that its breach entitles the innocent party to claim damages or repudiation. It is common practice not to specifically mention all terms in the contract document. Terms not expressly mentioned are known as implied terms. Was it a Term of Contract? A contractual term can either be a condition or a warranty. A condition is normally the substantial part of any contract as it forms the main purpose for which the contract was formed. Where a party breaches a condition, the innocent party has the right to apply to the court for the contract to be terminated and a payment of damages resulting from such breach.[2] In Poussard v Spiers[3], the applicant and the respondent negotiated a contract where the applicant was to perform as a singer for a period of three months. However, the applicant became sick and was unable to perform in the first four nights. She was consequently replaced with another person. The court held that the applicant was in breach of a condition and therefore the respondent was within her right to terminate the contract. A warranty is that minor or insignificant term that does not form the basis or the reason for which the contract was negotiated.[4] A breach of a warranty therefore only entitles the innocent party to claim for damages but not a termination of the contract. In Bettini v Gye[5], a contractual agreement between the parties required the plaintiff to perform in the defendants play as a singer for a term of three months. The plaintiff however became seriously sick and had to miss the rehearsals. The defendant consequently terminated her contract. The court found that the defendant was not entitled to terminate the contract as the plaintiff was in breach of a warranty and not a condition. Rehearsals did not go to the root of the contract and therefore the defendant was only entitled to damages but not a termination. Therefore, it was never a contractual term that the almond flour was supposed to be gluten free. Whether there was an Implied Term A contractual term could either be implied or be express. Express terms appear in writing in the contract document as what the parties agreed on. Implied terms do not appear anywhere in the contract document. They are implied to protect the weaker party where the other party has more negotiating power and uses such power to frustrate the weaker party. Terms are implied by statute, common law or by courts.[6] Courts are however reluctant to imply terms since they endeavour to refrain from writing contracts for parties and encourages the principle of privity of contract. In commercial contracts, terms are implied through customs or usage especially where there is a particular type of trade where such practice has been developed over time. The court would imply such a term in a contract of a similar trade. In Hutton v Warren[7], the parties entered into a tenancy agreement where the plaintiff by an agreement was to plant corn and barley on the defendants land. But prior to harvesting, the defendant had the tenancy agreement terminated. The plaintiff produced a bill to the defendant of the works done and the cost of the seeds used in the fields. The defendant unfortunately refused to make payments on the grounds that the contract did not provide for payments for such expenses. The court held that it was a common practice in contracts for farm work for such payments and therefore it was implied to form part of the contract. From the Foregoing, it Was therefore Implied in the Contract that the Cake Would be Gluten Free. Terms can also be implied through fact[8], where such term is necessary in a contract so as to give sense to a business. Such business or contract would lose the purpose if such term is omitted. For instance, in Moorcock[9], the plaintiff moored a ship at the defendants wart located along Thames River. Thames is a tidal river and when the tide occasionally goes out, the ship is likely to touch the rocky and rugged river bed. The ship eventually got damaged. The defendant on attempts to avoid liability argued that there was no warranty on the rivers condition and was therefore not liable. The court held that it was an implied term that the rivers bed needed to be safe for any ship to moor. The test used by the court was that of business efficacy so that the business could make sense. Whether the Icing Colour was a Condition or a Warranty It can be said that the colour of the cake was in the circumstances a warranty. A warranty does not form the main part of a contract.[10] It includes statements made during contract negotiations to entice the other party to enter into a contract. The icing colour was not integral part of the contract since a cake of a different colour however not suitable for a sports celebration would not in any case prevent the celebrations from proceeding anyway. The icing colour on the cake does not necessitate a termination of the contract and therefore it falls under a warranty. In Bettini v Gye[11], a contractual agreement between the parties required the plaintiff to perform in the defendants play as a singer for a term of three months. The plaintiff however became seriously sick and had to miss the rehearsals. The defendant consequently terminated her contract. The court found that the defendant was not entitled to terminate the contract as the plaintiff was in breach of a warranty and not a condition. Rehearsals did not go to the root of the contract and therefore the defendant was only entitled to damages but not a termination. Whether Mikaela Bears Responsibility for the Icing on the Cake Mikaela would still be held liable for the difference in the specifications required as to the colour of the cake. Kimala had an expectation that the cake he placed an order for would be the exact one that Mikaela would make. It was the assurance by Mikaela that such cake would be available that induced Kimala to enter into such contract. A variation on the specifications would defeat the purpose for which the cake was intended. Kimala is therefore likely to undergo some emotional injury due to the ridicule he is likely to be subjected to by the participants. Such emotional injury cannot pass without compensation from the guilty party, Mikaela. Mikaela cannot however claim the protection from the exclusion clause which he did not take reasonable steps to bring to the attention of Kimala either before or during contract negotiation. In Thornton v Shoe Lane Parking[12], the plaintiff sustained injuries inside the defendants car park. He had accessed the parking using a receipt obtained from a machine after dropping money into the said machine. It was indicated on the receipt that parking was to be done according to terms on display inside the park. A display in the park was to the effect that the park would not be liable for injuries sustained inside the park. The court held that the displays were not availed to the plaintiff at the time of entering into the contract and could not be used to avoid liability. Kimala can therefore claim damages for the breach of a warranty that the icing on the cake would correspond to the specifications given by him.

Recycling Speech free essay sample

Everyone today has heard of how important it is to recycle and most cities offer a recycling program, but what exactly is recycling and how beneficial is it really to us and the environment? Recycling is the process of turning one products useful parts into a new product; this is done to conserve on the consumption of resources, energy, and space used in landfills. Despite the education and awareness of global warming and the need to conserve Earths precious resources people worldwide continue to live as if there is no limit to our space and to our resources. Even the most conscious minded person who fills their recycle bins each week may not realize the amount of recyclable material that is commonly thrown away in small ways. The United States is the world’s largest trash producing country at 1,609 pounds of trash per person per year. That’s just about 5% of the world’s population producing about 40% of the world’s waste. We will write a custom essay sample on Recycling Speech or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In 2006, the United States reached a landmark in its paper recycling efforts with 53. 4% of the paper consumed being recovered for recycling. Recycling paper is not enough however; and although the most common recyclable items including glass, plastic, paper and aluminum are largely being sent to recycling centers, the recycling efforts as a whole throughout the world need to increase if we want to see a marked difference in our landfills, resources and global warming. As of today, Americans use 2. 5 million plastic bottles every hour, of which less than 1% are recycled. By recycling just one bottle you’re saving enough energy to light a 100-watt bulb for 4 hours. And for every ton of plastic that is recycled we save the equivalent of 2 people’s energy use for a year, the amount of water used by 1 person in 2 month’s time and almost 2000 pounds of oil. Odd as it seems there are many people who do not realize that the plastic bottles our water comes in are made using oil. This is the same oil that is used to make gasoline. Its the same oil that is in such high demand and is not an unlimited resource. Millions of barrels of this oil could be saved if we increase our efforts to recycle aluminum cans. Although they are among the most popular recycled materials and account for less than 1% of the total U. S. waste stream, Americans throw away enough aluminum to rebuild our entire commercial fleet of airplanes every three months, and the energy required to replace just the aluminum cans wasted in 2001 was equivalent to 16 million barrels of crude oil, enough to meet the electricity needs of all homes in Chicago, Dallas, Detroit, San Francisco and Seattle. Perhaps where we need to focus a great deal more attention is paper waste. The average American uses 650 pounds of paper each year, and only about half of all paper products are being recycled. It’s as easy as putting your newspaper in the recycle bin instead of the garbage one. In fact, if everyone recycled their newspapers, we could save about 250 million trees each year. Recycling one ton (about 2,000 pounds) of paper saves 17 trees, 380 gallons of oil (enough to run the average car for 1,260 miles), 4,100 kilowatts of energy (enough power for the average home for six months), 7,000 gallons of water, 3. cubic yards of landfill space, and 60 pounds of pollution. The amount of wood and paper we throw away each year is enough to heat 50,000,000 homes for 20 years, save 100 million tons of wood, and absorb hundreds of thousands of pounds of carbon dioxide out of the air each year. Most people don’t realize the harm they’re causing just by throwing last semesters notes in the garbage. The average person throws away about 1. 5 tons of soli d waste per year. The EPA estimates that 75 percent of it is recyclable, only about 30 percent is actually recycled. Because people haven’t recycled enough in the past, landfills are overflowing. Mount Rumpke is the highest point in Ohio. It is literally a mountain of trash piled 1000 feet high and in a landfill. Ever heard of the Great Pacific Garbage Patch? Its twice the size of Texas and is floating somewhere between San Francisco and Hawaii. It’s just like a giant garbage island. Its 80 percent plastic, and weighs in at 3. 5 million tons. And the sad thing is that plastic bags and other plastic garbage thrown into the ocean like this kills as many as 1,000,000 sea creatures a year! The rate of the Rain Forests’ being cut down, is a staggering 100 acres per minute! So in the time it takes me to give this speech, 400 maybe 500 acres gone. Most of which could be spared if people would recycle their paper products. In fact if all paper products were recycled it would save over 100 million tons of wood per year. It’s amazing how many resources we can save, and how much pollution we can prevent by recycling. But people haven’t educated themselves as to how much energy is wasted by just throwing things in the trash, and so don’t think twice about it. A survey was done and 9 out of 10 people surveyed said they would recycle more if it was easier. The truth of the matter is, it’s ridiculously easy. Just putting your empty soda bottle in the garbage can with the triangle on it, and it protects the Earth and its resources, and us from harmful pollution. Taking just a moment to put your newspaper, soda can and glass spaghetti jar in the recycling bin will save everyone years of environmental harm from production of new materials, over crowded landfills and the depletion of our natural resources. We all live on this Earth, we need to protect it.

buy custom Latin America and the Enlightenment essay

buy custom Latin America and the Enlightenment essay This is a historic book that was initially written in 1942, but due to a lot of its contents demand and the other important things, it had to be rewritten again to quench its demand. Therefore, Arthur Whitaker took that responsibilities and incorporated several other historical concepts that are related to the Latin Americans. It must be emphasized that the new edition is deeper and covers a wide range of topics and concepts related to the Latin American history. It covers the period from the colonial days, when the Europeans dominated, to the current times, when technology is strongly embraced in America. Hence, the ultimate aim of this context is to examine the content of the book, analyze it, and issue the authors credentials concerning the book. It also evaluates the knowledge contributed by the book to the readers where it provides the advantages and the importance of its role in American history. This paper also compares this book and the other books that talk about similar iss ue as well as specify the target audience of the book. Review of the Book and Authors Credentials Latin America and the Enlightenment is the second edition of the original work which Arthur Whitaker published in 1969. The book covers several important concepts in the history of the Latin Americans beginning from the ancient times when the European colonials dominated the country (Whitaker 289). These people were too strong to be defeated because they were the first who initiated technology and had the powerful tools to shutter the Americans. The book provides a well and precise description of how the Latin Americans acquired independence and how they began to organize themselves and to develop the country (Bradford 102). Its development, however, was somehow slow because the knowledge of the Europeans had blinded their visions. Nevertheless, the period of the 18th century represents the period of the progression in America and the beginning of Enlightenment. Moreover, it was the time when they began to initiate their own scheme and to run their own government. From there, several developments were noted in the nation, although the Latin Americans seemed to be inferior from the other groups of the white Americans. This history is signficant and has to be very valuable to the Latin Americans who should be aware of their foundations. Contribution to Knowledge Latin America and the Enlightenment is a very important book in the society with a lot of knowledge to impact its readers. The book was keenly written and impacted maximum knowledge predominantly in the sense that when an individual reads it, he or she is able to comprehend the history of Americas right from the colonial to the technological times (Whitaker 333). It provides a critical description of what happened during the fight for independence and the eventual moment of independence. It clearly highlights how technology was incorporated in America as well as how important inventions were initiated. It talks about how computers were advanced to become multitasking and help in inventing the other significant things like airplanes. That was the time when the significant machines were also invented among them being the industrial production machines, the hospital surgical machines and several others (Bradford 108). Therefore, this book is full of knowledge and is able to enlighten th e reader. In order to comprehend the American history, one has to read it repeatedly as it is very interesting. Its influence is what made people push the book to be edited to cover the rest of history that occurred after 1942 when the original work was done (Whitaker 323). If it was not crucial and knowledgeable, the demand for the second edition could not be there. Comparisons with the Other Works There is no doubt that Latin America and the Enlightenment is the best book that covers all concepts of the Latin American history. For example, the book was done in essays form where each essay contains different historical concepts. Besides, the book has provided the room for essays written by the other individuals; thus, it acts as an umbrella of the Latin Americas history (Bradford 129). These concepts and techniques are not observed in a book like Latin American History written by Barnes and Noble. It should be noted that the Latin American History is also a good historical book but it does not go as deep into the history as Latin America and the Enlightenment did. Morreover, when Latin America and the Enlightenment is compared to another book like The Penguin History of Latin America by Edwin Williamson, it still becomes vital and the best because Williamson covered the history comprehensible where he only touched on some issues and never went deep into details. For example, th e concept of Latin American culture is not deeply outlined; he only touched on it as his objective was to incorporate the culture to his themes. However, the Latin America and the Enlightenment talks about the types of Latin Americans food, clothing they used to wear, their traditional political and warrior songs songs (Whitaker 456). Therefore, this book is superb and deserves to be demanded by the Latin Americans because it is the only complete source of their history. The Intended Audience The indented audience for this book is generally all the Latin Americans and historians from all over the world. The audience may also be the scholars studying history from the different perspectives who must also cover the Latin American history. There is no doubt that all the Latin Americans who are literate and love their background must go through this book to be familiar with what happened in the ancient times. Historians must read this book so that they have a wide view of different people histories in the world. For example, a historian in Europe must comprehend all the nations they colonized and view the different forms used in different nations. They cannot fail to cover the Latin American history because it is one of the best histories in the world. Therefore, historians are not exceptions when it comes to the audiences selection of the book. Moreover, all the history students particularly in the United States of America cannot miss to read this book because it is the backg round of their studies. There is no way that the American history can be ignored in its own country. Besides, all the history assignments and exams in the United States must test the concepts of the Latin Americans proving that the history students in the United States must read the book. In fact, it is not optional; it is an obligation that they read it because if they do not, they will definitely fail their exams as all the tests include the Latin American history. Buy custom Latin America and the Enlightenment essay

A sociological investigation into cohabitation in Britain today Essay Example for Free

A sociological investigation into cohabitation in Britain today Essay ? In my coursework I shall conduct a sociological investigation into cohabitation in Britain today. This is expanded from my previous coursework, which updated past research into the stigmas attached to cohabitation. It interests me to investigate whether facts and opinions of cohabitation have changed over time. To achieve this aim I shall look at the following questions throughout my research: 1. Why has cohabitation increased? 2. Does cohabitation have an effect on children? 3. What advantages and disadvantages are there to cohabitation? 4. Is there still a stigma attached to cohabitation? 5. Do cohabiting couples ever wish to marry or is it a permanent status? I believe that cohabitation is increasingly replacing marriage. I intend to research cohabitation using a questionnaire, which will be given to both cohabiting and married couples to complete. 133 Words Context Cohabitation has doubled since 1981 to around 25% and is greatly increasing. It is defined as when two people live together in a relationship without being married. This can be either a short-term arrangement or a permanent status in which the couple do not see the need to be legally married. Sociologists have researched into many areas of cohabitation and the family. However, more recently the main focus has been on the increase in cohabitation. It is argued that marriage is becoming less popular and so people are developing alternatives to conventional married life. Also, there are increasing numbers of marital breakdown, which are reflected in rises in the divorce rates. The General Household Survey from Social Trends (2000) found that in Great Britain between 1998 and 1999, 26% of males and 25% of females, between the ages of 16 and 59, were in a cohabiting relationship. This is relevant as it show evidence of the large numbers of cohabiting couples in society today. Chester (1980) has argued that cohabitation is only a temporary situation that often leads to marriage. Chester said that in many cases it is not possible for a couple to marry, due to one or both partners being married. Also, many couples see cohabitation as a trial period, which often determines whether they choose to marry. Chester concluded that around 2% of single women aged 18-49 are living and bearing children in â€Å"constitutional unions† which may be permanent. However, Chandler argues against this theory, seeing the increase in cohabitation as more significant. Chandler says that couples appear to be spending lengthening amounts of time cohabiting and seem to be choosing cohabitation as a permanent replacement for marriage. Chandler (1993) supports this by noting that 28% of children were born to unmarried mothers, 70% of which were registered by both parents. These arguments show the conflicting opinions, between sociologists, regarding the status that cohabitation appears to now have. Approximately 15% of one-parent families are created through the break-up of cohabiting unions, showing that cohabitation’s with children are even more likely to break-up than childless ones. Today, more than 20% of children are born to cohabiting couples, although around only a third of these children will remain with both parents throughout their childhood. This means that children born to cohabiting parents are more likely to experience a series of disruptions in their family life, which can have negative consequences for their emotional and educational development. Berthoud and Gershuny found, in ‘seven years in the lives of British families’, that 70% of children born to married parents are likely to live their entire childhood with both parents whereas only 36% of children born to cohabiting parents remain with both parents. It has also been shown that children living in cohabiting stepfamilies are at a significantly higher risk of child abuse, showing that these informal cohabiting families are the most unsafe environments for children. This is interesting as it shows an insight into the effects that cohabitation can have on children. There have been many theories as to why cohabitation has increased, alongside the simple and more obvious explanations. Marriage is seen as a more risky choice in a relationship due to the divorce rates and expense of marriage, along with the decline in religious influence and growing economic and employment insecurity worries. Single parenthood has been a partial explanation as to why cohabitation has increased as many women choose to cohabit in a relationship, rather than having the irresponsibility of raising a child outside of a stable relationship. Cohabitation has greatly occurred from the great rise in divorce rates, which may also have the effect if children, from divorced parents, being wary of marriage. However, the decline in childbirth and the conscious decision to not have children may have made it less necessary for couples to marry. Past research conducted into sociology appears to indicate that the once prominent stigma attached to cohabitation has greatly declined in society. Th decline in the negative view to cohabitation, in society, has been shown in the Social Trends Survey (1996). The results from ‘people who feel cohabitation is wrong: by gender, 1994’ show that between 1960 and 1978, 7% of males and 6% of females felt that cohabitation is wrong. This has greatly decreased from 40% of males and 37% of females in 1930. These statistics could also imply that these numbers are still decreasing in society today. Ronald Fletcher’s (1988) theory shows an inclination as to why this social stigma has decreased. He suggests that cohabitation is a form of marriage, which is similar to that of a nuclear family, rather than a different relationship form altogether. He argued that cohabiting couples are concealed nuclear families that are not legalised through marriage. This theory not only suggests reasons for cohabitation but also indicates that it could continue to increase in society. 810 Words Methodology feelings towards discussing such information. Using a questionnaire will allow me to get results in a short period of time, which will be easy for both me and my participants as it will take into account any individual variables, such as the participant being in a rush etc. Questionnaires will be the best method of data collection for my study as I can then easily quantify and analyse the results in relation to my rationale. I shall conduct my study by In sociology, structionalists and interactionists have each used different methods of attempting to research areas of sociology. Structuralists are positivists and so use scientific, quantitative methods if collecting data. Common methods used by structuralists are laboratory experiments, which isolate the variables to find a relationship between them and field experiments, which, attempt to control variables in a natural situation. Also used by structuralists are questionnaires, structural interviews and the analysis of official statistics. Interactionists, however, are anti-positivists and reject scientific research methods, using qualitative methods of collecting data. Common methods used by interactionists are informal/unstructured interviews, where the subject directs the interview, and participant observation, where the participants are observed during their daily activities. For my research I shall be using the quantitative research methods of questionnaires. I considered using formal interviews to collect my data as I would have been able to get more in-depth and personal results, but decided that this would be more difficult to conduct and a suitable sized sample may be harder to find for reasons such as time difficulties and personal handling out questionnaires to randomly aged cohabiting, married and non-cohabiting couples. I shall use 25 questionnaires to complete my study as I feel that this is a relatively suitable sized sample to gain reliable results with. I have chosen this sample in the hope that I will gain a wide variety of couples and ages, without attempting to manipulate who participates. The gender of my participants shall also be randomly selected, rather than pre-determined. I shall also distribute my questionnaires in a variety of places sixth form college, workplace, public areas) to aid my aim of getting a varied sample and ensure that my results are representative. I shall ensure that I am ethical in my approach of this by gaining their consent before handing them the questionnaire. The questionnaires shall also have details of the nature of the study written above the questions and they shall be verbally informed that it is not required of them to answer any questions that they do not wish to. The questionnaires shall also be confidential and so will not require a name or contact details from the participant, which may increase the validity of my results as they may be less likely to lie or refuse to disclose information. When constructing my questionnaire I ensured that I considered all of my aims, stated in my rationale. I included questions which required both written answers and a choice of pre-selected answers, depending on the nature of the question. For two of my questions, the answer choices were given in ranges, rather than individual answers (e. g. are you, 26-35 etc). I did this with ages to male the question less personal as the participant may be uncomfortable disclosing their exact age. It has also been done when asking how many cohabiting couples they know of, as it is unlikely that they would consider the exact amount accurately. I constructed the questionnaire in a form that is suitable for both married and cohabiting/non cohabiting couples to complete, and based all of my questions on a more personal form of my aims, which will hopefully result in valid results. Before conducting my final study, I completed a pilot study of four questionnaires to find any area of improvement which could better my final study. I conducted and distributed these questionnaires in exactly the same way as planned for the final study. I feel that my pilot study was successful and without any major problems. I shall, however, change some minor aspects of the questionnaire. I found that the question regarding ‘benefits of cohabiting couples’ may have been misinterpreted as financial benefits only, and so I shall change the structure of that question. I also found that people were writing more, for their answers, than the allocated space and so I shall add more lines per question on my final questionnaires. The remainder of my questionnaire shall stay the same. 741 Words Evidence To present the results of my questionnaire I shall display and discuss each question individually, in the order which they appear in on the questionnaire itself. 1. Are you: Male Female I decided to first gain some knowledge of the participant so that any relations could be made between the results and their personal details, if necessary. For my research, however, I am looking at the overall current opinions of the public and so am not looking for any direct relationships related to gender. Due to my random sample it was not expected that an equal number of males and females would be used, and this is shown in the above table. A sociological investigation into cohabitation in Britain today. (2017, Sep 10).

The role of International Human Resource Management Essay

The role of International Human Resource Management - Essay Example But for most enterprises including hotel nd hospitlity industry interntionliztion equtes with n incresingly importnt role for IHRM nd necessity to dpt HR prctices to locl needs. Current pper is n nlysis of Seychelles' HRM in comprison with UK. The study is bsed on the cse of Molten Hotel tht is opening on n islnd Seychelles nd requires recommendtion on HR prctices in order to effectively mnge the locl stff nd rech the profitbility on new mrket. Molten Hotels is leding UK bsed hospitlity compny, which owns nd mnges hotels round the world, with one of the UK's best know brnd nmes. The compny hs hotels in thirty eight countries nd dependent territories round the world, with its hed office bsed on the Strnd in London, UK. It employs round 50,000 people worldwide, nd is regulrly recognised s n employer of choice. The compny hd totl revenues of just over three billion dollrs worldwide during the 2007 finncil yer, with operting profit of round five hundred million. This put the hotel just below such globl brnd nmes s Hilton nd Mrriott in terms of globl rech, brnd recognition nd finncil performnce. The first Molten Hotel ws founded in 1758 by John Molten in Mnchester, where it ws known s Molten's Guest nd Coch House. The hotel ws fmily owned nd run for the first hundred nd twenty yers until in the end of the 19th century, when brhm Molten took dvntge of the rilwys tht hd sprung up cross the country to build two new hotels in Liverpool nd Blckpool. These new hotels proved to be mssive success, s incresing numbers of people begn holidying in costl resorts to escpe the industrilised cities. By 1960, the compny hd set up further 21 hotels round the country, with 18 of these in costl towns including Brighton, Skegness nd Torquy. The compny then decided to expnd to other countries in Europe, gin focusing on the costl regions where tourism ws beginning to grow rpidly. Following perceived sturting of the Europen mrket, the compny expnded its opertions brod, building hotels in Brbdos nd Jmic in the Crribben, Rio de Jneiro nd Slvdor in Brzil, Tunisi, Morocco nd Egypt in fric, nd severl costl cities in ustrli. The compny hs proven trck record of building hotels by the se with excellent use of rchitecture to provide lmost ll rooms with se views nd ensure tht guests hve ll their needs ttended to, in order to gin the mximum plesure from their stys. The compny's prices re mong the highest in the industry for hotel rooms, lthough they sit below the prices of most dedicted resorts, vills nd sps. The compny's most recent project, in Dubi, ws nother four str hotel, pitched to ppel to the upper hlf of the hotel mrket. Prt 1: 1. PEST nlysis Politicl UK hs business friendly environment where the competition mong tourism compnies is encourged in order to sustin competitive dvntge. The compnies therefore recruiter the best employees on the mrket since the competition for good employees is very intense. The HR policies re influenced by with the government pressures to recruit ntionls in comprison to foreigners. However, if foreign employee is hired, the security is provided in return for

Ch3 Journal Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Ch3 Journal - Assignment Example Rehearsal can be used to access student’s prior knowledge making their knowledge to be useful, transferable and not bound in a certain way. As a teacher, there is need to stretch the knowledge of the students in such a way that the information is connected correctly (Constant, Bass & Carin, 2014). Children can learn new knowledge through constructivism. Through their prior knowledge, they can be able to receive information from various sources, organize it and build meaning for themselves. Without prior knowledge, their learning cannot be expected. A student can be effective in learning construction when there is a social interaction with other students and in the presence of a teacher. Without social constructivism or when a child is alone, the child is never constructing knowledge and understanding. Social interaction is a valuable tool for a child development of knowledge (Constant et al., 2014). In conclusion, a teacher to effectively teach students science to a level of understanding, he or she must first know prior knowledge of students. The teacher has to give them an assignment for the next lesson in order to have their prior knowledge. Rehearsals improve the effectiveness of learning and students can learn even more where social constructivism

Edmunds Corugated Parts and Services Essay Example for Free

Edmunds Corugated Parts and Services Essay There some issues that Edmunds Corrugated Parts and Services have faced that has made it to be in the position that it is currently. Initially, the company started with a problem of where to put up the industry. Otherwise, Larry’s grandfather was there to offer a barn where Larry would put up his first industry. The industry also had no money initially and therefore it had to start with loaned money from the grandfather (Stodghill, 2005). Through this, it made a break through to what seemed to be a dream at the first time to what it is currently. The company initially was not capable of employing many people as it had only one hundred employees who were mostly neighbors. Therefore, there were probably not professional. Nevertheless, they were termed as hardworking workers. After the industry grew, the company was suffering from the issue of replacing the current employees who at this time were skilled with the new ones ((Stodghill, 2005). The reason being that they were loyal and they could not have left the company to search for a job elsewhere as the rest young employees would do. The other issue that the company is succumbing on is the issue of competition. Initially, the company had a market share of 75% but lately, the market share has reduced significantly. This is due to the number of the company that has emerged manufacturing the same products. Otherwise, this has made it possible for the company to diversify their production. An example of the diversification that they have done is the production of the more flexible plastic films and reusable plastic containers. This has increased the customer demands on their products. The industry also suffered an issue of the losing several industries especially in U.S due to the consolidation that was done by the paper industry. This has made the industry wipe out most of the industries that were served by Edmunds. The rest of the people who survived opened other branches oversea as joint ventures. In addition, the few who were left were making higher quality machines that were rarely breaking up making their customers stay for very long without going back to the company ((Stodghill, 2005). This made the business sales turnover to decline significantly with time. This made the company to be dislodged by other manufacturers through the production of domestic and export goods. This is the reason that had made the company currently to be in cross road. Strategy for addressing the company situation at hand Looking at the situation that the company ids in at this time, it requires a strategy that will ensure that it will be revived; therefore, through a strategic formulation, it is capable to ensure that the company is capable of returning the company back to the course of its business. Therefore, it is paramount to ensure that there is strategic management that will comprise three phases to ensure that the company is back on it course and ensure that it achieve its goals and objectives (Ansoff, 1965). These phases in the strategic management are diagnosis, formulation and implementation. This is required to be an ongoing process to a point where the company will be in a position to be revived. In the first phase, the diagnosis of the company environment is required through performing a situation analysis. This will ensure that the company current mission is identified and formulated; strategic objectives are put in place to ensure that the current s8ituation of the company is solved. This will give results that will look at the major strength and weaknesses of the company. The analysis of the company’s environment will look at the major opportunities and threat for example the ones that have made most of the company that Edmund was working to be taken and go over sea (Ansoff, 1965). Some great opportunities such making quality goods can be used to ensure that increase their market share as the customers will be royal to their service. This can be used t ensure that they still sell their goods at higher prices. The strategic management that is formed is required to formulate ways in which the recommendation will be offered. These recommendations are supposed to have supporting justifications that will revise the previous objectives of the company and ensure that the required strategies have been offered. These strategies should ensure the company regains it competitive edge. This strategic management requires to be implemented through the resources that are available and it is required to be implemented in a period that is reasonable. The company management should ensure that the implementation of the strategy is cost effective, not disruptive and acceptable by the entire stakeholder to ensure that the current situation is salvaged. The strategy that would be hardest to implement The part that has been very hard according to the experience is the element of implementing the recommended change in the strategic plan. This is because it will require the management to fit the resources and the competencies and the opportunities that the company has in the market (Smit, 2000). It also requires fitting the recommended issues with risks and expectations. What makes this element of the strategy to be more complicated is the issue of making the stakeholders to unite and implement the put recommendation. This requires them to undergo training to ensure that they have what it takes to accept the changes that will be brought about by the changes that are there in the strategy. The implementation of the strategy is hard and risky if not well carried on. The reason being that if any hitch occurs in the process, all the resources that have been put in place will go to waste. It will be a waste of time and this may lead to complete closure of the company. Strategies Edmunds could use in the future to reduce potential crises There are different methods that Edmund can use to ensure that the company is not entangled in the crises that it is in today. Nevertheless, most of them should be amalgamated to ensure that they offer the best results. The first strategy that the company is supposed to embrace is development of research department that will be looking at innovation of the company t ensure that it is at a competitive edge at all time. This department will be in constantly interact with it environment and bring around feedback that will ensure that the company is always competitive. The second strategy is ensuring training to its employees. This will ensure that they are always at per with the upcoming technology and this will ensure that the productivity level will increase. The training will always make the employee assimilate the innovation that the research department has brought about to ensure that the company is capable of competing appropriately. Finally, the company should ensure that they recruit employees who are competitive to ensure that they bring on board workers who are capable of rising upon all challenges. This will also make the company have innovative minds in their company who will ensure that they bring about changes.

Teaching and Learning Activity Assessment :: Education, Evaluation

Introduction One of key element in teaching and learning activity is assessment. There are several types of assessment. However, in the context of Aceh, most of teachers still use traditional forms of assessment, specifically summative assessment. There is critique on traditional assessment, â€Å"The critique has been based on the assumption that these forms of assessment do not support high quality of leaning associated with ‘deep’ learning, critical thinking, sustainable knowledge and lifelong learning† (Havnes & McDowell 2008). Therefore, diagnostic assessment is one form of assessment that can be used by the teachers to support high quality of learning. Diagnostic assessment aims to determine students’ prior knowledge. In order to plan the effective teaching, it is important for teacher to determine students’ prior knowledge, because the students have their own conceptions on phenomena in the world before they study in the classroom (Tytler, n.d). This essay is part of assignment in assessing learning unit (EXE733). It aims to review and discuss an example of exemplary assessment task for diagnostic assessment. Before further discussion about example of exemplary diagnostic assessment, it might be important to review the definition, purposes, types of assessment, as well as characteristics of effective assessment. Assessment Assessment derived from the Latin assessare which mean to impose a tax or set a rate (Athanasou, 1997). According to Athanasou, Assessment is â€Å"the process of collecting and combining information from test (e.g., on performance, learning, quality) with view to making a judgement about a person or making a comparison against an established criterion. Further, Satterly defined assessment as â€Å"an omnibus term which includes all the processes and products which describe the nature and extent of children’s learning, its degree of correspondence with the aims and objectives of teaching and its relationship with the environments which are designed to facilitate learning† (1989 p.3, cited in Carrol, 2005). Moreover, Rowntree (1977) said â€Å"assessment in education can be thought as occurring whenever one person, in some kind of interaction, direct or indirect with another, is conscious of obtaining and interpreting information about the knowledge and understanding o f abilities and attitudes of that other person† (p. 4, cited in Carrol, 2005). The purposes of assessment can be divided into three levels, namely: classroom level (students and teachers), school level, and system level. Firstly, at classroom level, assessment aims to provide the students with appropriate learning based on their needs, provide the students feedback that they can use to identify their next steps of learning, to develop good partnership with parents, help the teachers to plan next teaching, and guarantee continuity of education for the students (Te Kete Ipurangi, 2007).

Overcoming the Odds

Overcoming the Odds In life there will always be obstacles that are placed before us. Some will be easy and others will be difficult. I could remember a few incidents that made me think I would not be able to overcome certain roadblocks to achieve my goals. It was the summer of 2009; we had just got back home from Antigua & Barbuda of the sixth CVC Basketball Classic tournament. My high school coach had received a letter of acceptance to Word of Life Traditional School in Wichita, Kansas awarding me a full scholarship to play basketball for their school.At that time my mother was unemployed and we were not receiving help from other family members. The only thing that was going through my mind was saying, â€Å"Yes, I’ve got a school abroad to better myself and make my mother proud. † When I was looking at my mother’s face as she read the letter; it was full of happiness and stress at the same time. The ticket to Kansas was around eight hundred to one thousand dol lars, school was opening in less than three weeks, and we did not have a dollar for my ticket or living expenses.My mother and I had asked family members, friends, and private companies. It has been three weeks and we only had received five hundred dollars. All I could do is cry realizing I can’t go. As my mom witnessed my pain and frustration, she held me and said â€Å"God knows best and everything happens on his time, not ours. He wouldn’t bring us this far to fail. † The first week of school had passed and things was still looking bleak. That Friday morning I was shooting on the basketball court trying to clear my head.This guy saw me and asked me why I was not in school I told him about my situation. The man pulled out his wallet and gave me his card and told me to stop by his office that afternoon. Later that day I went to his office and he handed me a check for one thousand dollars. He said, â€Å"always work hard and follow your dreams and you will alwa ys have support,† I got up and thanked him for giving me an opportunity to pursue my dreams, believing in me, and how I will forever be grateful for his kindness.Once I left the office, I ran all the way home with tears in my eyes and out of breath to show my mom the check. She dropped to her knees and said, â€Å"Thank you Lord I know you would make it come through for my baby. † That weekend I spent packing my bags to leave on Tuesday morning. My mother sat down with me and told me that she wasn’t going to take this journey with me, she was frighten because I was only fifteen, and I have never been anywhere out of the country without her. The thought of now having to go to a strange state where I do not know anyone.She had second thoughts about me going. I said to her it cannot be that hard to do this and I am covered in the blood of Jesus. When Tuesday came it was that time to say goodbye, my mother started crying I held her and told her it will be ok even tho ugh I was scared yet I had to embrace it also trying to hold back the tears. All in all some things might seem impossible for you; as long as you stick with it, you will be successful. Going through this has truly made me stronger person physically, mentally, and it also has helped me grow to be more mature.

Healthy lifestyle Essay

A persons health is measured in various methods and achievements, whether it is measured by weight, levels of stress, or just overall quality of life. People are relentlessly searching for the most efficient way to be more physically, nutritionally, and emotionally fit. On this quest for superior health there are four habits that need to be recognized to reach this goal, and they are smoking, drinking, overeating, and exercising. (Berger, 502). Cigarette smoking is a common, unhealthy habit among American adults. With 20.8% of all adults smoking, its the most preventable cause of death in the US, making up one in every five deaths this year. (Center for Disease Control & Prevention, n.d.). It not only significantly increases your chance at getting lung cancer; it also increases the rate for getting cancer of the bladder, kidneys, mouth and stomach. (Berger, 503). These deaths are preventable by people quitting smoking. There are over-the-counter medications, prescription medications, as well as just cold turkey to quit smoking. Alcohol is another drug that can lead to bad health. Alcohol can produce significant problems with the lever, heart, stomach and increases the likelihood of getting cancer. (Berger, 504). With this danger, groups have been founded to help stop using alcohol. The most familiar group is Alcoholics Anonymous. Alcoholics Anonymous was founded in 1935, has no affiliation to any company, government, or private enterprise, and only requires the members to have the want to stop drinking. (Alcoholics Anonymous World Services, 2008). Overeating and obesity is a common health problem among Americans today. We live in a very hectic world with just as frantic schedules. With the onset of the technological world and hectic schedules, fast food restaurants have found their ideal target. With consumers not having to even get out of their cars to super-size their double quarter-pounder has made us obese. There is a solution to this problem though. Through a reasonable amount of caloric intake of the right foods and a moderate, convenient exercise plan American can win the battle of the bulgeExercise is a very proactive way of increasing ones health. Many people exercise to lose weight, but the  benefits of exercise is vast. Regular physical activity can reduce your risk for several diseases and conditions and improve your overall quality of life. Regular physical activity can help protect you from the following health problems: hypertension, heart disease, and diabetes. (Berger, 507). References Berger, K. S. (2005). The Developing Person: Through the Life Span. (Sixth Ed.). New York, New York: Worth Publishers. Center for Disease Control & Prevention. (n.d.). Adult Cigarette Smoking in the United States:Current Estimates. Retrieved on July 13, 2008, from http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/Factsheets/adult_cig_smoking.htm. Alcoholics Anonymous World Services. (2008). A.A. Fact File. Retrieved on July 13, 2008, from http://www.alcoholics-anonymous.org/en_pdfs/m-24_aafactfile.pdf.

Free Essays on Beverage Industry

The Non-Alcholic Beverages Industry: Improvement of Resource Efficiency and Environmental Performance Non-alcoholic beverages include milk, juices of fruits and vegetables, and carbonated and uncarbonated soft drinks. Milk and the dairy industry are covered separately under Food Processing. The primary environmental aspects of these industries involve water use and wastewater discharge from products and washing, chemical use in cleaning, and management of scrap and solid waste. The most significant environmental impacts in this industry are from water pollution and packaging disposal. There are many technical reports on treatment of wastewater from beverage production. There are relatively few reports on cleaner production available. Primary solutions include process measurement and control, water recycling, chemical substitution and reduction, energy efficiency, and new product development using waste materials. The industry associations and leading companies provide extensive information on their packaging including use of environmentally improved designs, recycling systems and technologies. The Food Processing document has many general resources for the food and beverage industry that should be consulted for solutions for the beverage industry. The table below lists solutions to reduce waste and pollution in non-alcoholic beverage production. Company environmental programs should demonstrate that these options have been considered thoroughly. Direct links to online guides to pollution prevention follow the table. Solutions to Increase Efficiency and Reduce Waste in Beverage Production Companies raw materials cleaning: consider alternatives to batchwise bath immersion such as: - water recycling/reuse - spray washing - countercurrent washing cleaning of equipment consider: - non-stick surfaces to reduce contamination - dry cleaning before water washing - automatic detection of product/water interfaces - effective s... Free Essays on Beverage Industry Free Essays on Beverage Industry The Non-Alcholic Beverages Industry: Improvement of Resource Efficiency and Environmental Performance Non-alcoholic beverages include milk, juices of fruits and vegetables, and carbonated and uncarbonated soft drinks. Milk and the dairy industry are covered separately under Food Processing. The primary environmental aspects of these industries involve water use and wastewater discharge from products and washing, chemical use in cleaning, and management of scrap and solid waste. The most significant environmental impacts in this industry are from water pollution and packaging disposal. There are many technical reports on treatment of wastewater from beverage production. There are relatively few reports on cleaner production available. Primary solutions include process measurement and control, water recycling, chemical substitution and reduction, energy efficiency, and new product development using waste materials. The industry associations and leading companies provide extensive information on their packaging including use of environmentally improved designs, recycling systems and technologies. The Food Processing document has many general resources for the food and beverage industry that should be consulted for solutions for the beverage industry. The table below lists solutions to reduce waste and pollution in non-alcoholic beverage production. Company environmental programs should demonstrate that these options have been considered thoroughly. Direct links to online guides to pollution prevention follow the table. Solutions to Increase Efficiency and Reduce Waste in Beverage Production Companies raw materials cleaning: consider alternatives to batchwise bath immersion such as: - water recycling/reuse - spray washing - countercurrent washing cleaning of equipment consider: - non-stick surfaces to reduce contamination - dry cleaning before water washing - automatic detection of product/water interfaces - effective s...

Recruitment and Selection (Human Resources Managment) Essay

Recruitment and Selection (Human Resources Managment) - Essay Example In today’s rapidly changing world and with the strategic focus, selection also needs to be strategic. Strategic selection demands a range of activities in the general stream of looking for candidates to fit in the jobs. It involves not only the job at hand but potential range of matches for the person in future jobs. Additionally, the enhancing reach of globalization demands much more flexibility and certain interpersonal and personal skills for a candidate to undertake the ever changing and challenging environment i.e. effective selection by the HR selectors. However, the basic match of candidates to the job description is of significant value because otherwise, achievement of organizational goals and attaining appropriate return on investment (on human capital) is not possible. In true terms, no training or motivation or praise can make individuals work beyond their capacity. Current scenario For Toyota R & S policy The globalization of business has shift from trade and busi ness to strategic alliances, integration of businesses etc. This change has significantly affected the HR practices. One of the major challenges, which global organizations are facing today, is attracting global talent. Toyota, one of the largest shareholders of the global automobile market, is no exception when it comes to facing HR problems, particularly in the US, and in other countries as well where their business has grown. Over the years, the observation has been a general and massive shift of jobs from manufacturing and agriculture to service industry and telecommunication. US economy is moreover a services based economy with 80% of the jobs belonging to the services industry. The trend is expected to continue, resulting in increased demand for services industry jobs and reduced inclination towards agricultural or manufacturing units. Toyota being a manufacturing firm hence suffered from this trend. It meant for Toyota lesser pool of candidates available for recruitment and s election. Changing demographics, shortage of highly skilled and qualified specialist and legislative problems are some of the problems Toyota’s HR has to face globally. (Robert L Malthis, 2008) In order to handle this issue, Toyota should make use of various internal and external recruitment models. The forthcoming sections of this report discuss the various aspects of recruitment and selection model used by Toyota. Nature and composition of workforce Toyota believes in low cost and high performance, which is why the business has developed a proper recruitment and selection process that reflects Toyota’s philosophy. Toyota’s main objective is cost reduction and lean management but they believe in valuing their human capital. Same methodology is followed in recruitment and selection. There are a number of temporary and permanent employees in the organziation. Toyota also makes use of off shoring and outsourcing in countries where there is shortage of skilled labo r such as USA and other North American countries. Sound procedures in

Dance Paper Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Dance Paper - Assignment Example Therefore, according to the narrator in the video, respect for other people’s ideas is paramount to encourage tolerance. He adds that silence is the worst form of decision because it stifles opinion on important matters. LaLaLa Human Steps: LaLaLa Human Sex duo no. is video by Edourd Lock and it runs for 1.6 minutes. It involves a gestural dance characterized by fast and difficult partnering during movements while using the horizontal plane. However, there are contrasting views concerning the male dancer’s energy including the body language to that of the female dancer. First, both dancers are vigorous in their undertaking to depict the gestures of sex when done without the necessary precaution (Minton 167). Second, the dominance on stage by the dances is demonstration of the unifying belief of the dangers posed by irresponsible sex. However, issues of gender stereotypes are being pushed in the choreography worth noting. For example, women are cast in the video as passive and, thus, direct recipients of the sexual innuendos. Likewise, the choreography assumes that only men are the stronger sexual beings as opposed to their counterparts. Smoke is a video by Mats Ek and it lasts for 20 minutes demonstrating the relationship between a man and woman namely Niklas Ek and Slyvie Guillem. The use of the wall, hence, is a vital platform to convey the tension between the dancers because it reveals the barrier in sexuality. It also displays the essence of continuation from a neutral background. On the other hand, the camera tricks such as retrograde and close-ups enable the telling of the story to assume authenticity because it makes both dancers in real in the choreography. In that perspective, the dancers mostly use their arms and bellies as surfaces for partnering to send a clear message of sexuality and its undertones. Ms Guillem’s character, however, during her sole takes the form of

Distributed Power System Network with Renewable Sources Assignment

Distributed Power System Network with Renewable Sources - Assignment Example In the past years, the increase in the petroleum prices, coupled with tendency of fossil fuel reserves and their dangerous effects that cannot be avoided and the lack of political stability in the sources of energy regions have led to the renewable energy systems study (Air-X, 2008). In this case, electrical energy is outputted by the systems of renewable energy systems like fuel cells and photovoltaic panels in direct current form. As a result, regardless of the fact that the electrical energy produced by the wind turbines is directly proportional to the wind velocity making it alternative current (AC) , undergoes conversion back to dc energy by the converters found internally in the small-scale turbines of the wind that are utilized in structures like buildings (Cete, 2010). This network is then injected with Direct Current energy. Thus, the DC energy outputted through the wind turbines, fuel cells and photovoltaic panels. The DC energy produced cannot be used readily by the consum ers without having been converted to AC energy. This is given the fact that the consumer uses electricity in AC form. The conversion from DC to AC has a few challenges like the improvising of DC to AC converter. There are also disadvantages related to this conversion are; energy loss, partial energy degradation, harmonics production, cost and dimension increase (Siemens, 2009). Electrical energy transmission from the place of produce to the consumer, pose the predicament of losing energy. To avoid this predicament, we need to avoid the use of the DC to AC conversion to produce the AC energy. Thus in this study, a Mat lab © simulation software will be made for hybrid system of Direct Current system and thereafter, it will be applied, in the process of production of DC energy through RHESs and in this manner the DC loads like freezer or refrigerator, 44 compact florescent lamps, fans, TV circulation pump, and vacuum cleaner consume the DC energy in a way that it is not converted int o the form of AC (Colorado, 2010). This is will be presented in this paper project as we get to discuss the simulation of the renewable energy. It is for this reason that the unit distribution of the DC energy ought to be established for the fuelling of the hybrid energy cell system of photovoltaic wind. INTRODUCTION It is indisputable; technologies in the energy have a main function in the development based on the economic and small scale level, which varies from domestic, society to region, nation and international. Conventional fossil fuel sources like coal, oil, natural gas are becoming rare as the time goes by. Additionally, by the using the sources of fossil fuel, it is predictable that they pollute the nature in the end process, resulting to the global warming through the formation of the greenhouse outcome thus the world is turned into a night mare that is not desirable for anyone to live in. Thus, sources of renewable and alternative energy got significance that has greater priority over the history of the mankind. (Air-X, 2008). There has been an increase in the study of renewable and the new kinds of energy due to the current sources of energy output that make a quick entry into the tendency of exhaustation that the raw material prices rise significantly, as their effects affect the human health and environment in a negative way. The some challenges faced in the use of these kinds have increased the

Acupressure Complimentary Treatment Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Acupressure Complimentary Treatment - Assignment Example Acupressure machine rental within the center itself. The machines can be used in the center which will be open six days per week and can be rented out on a pay per session rate of  £10 plus vat or a monthly subscription of  £100 per month plus vat. The complementary therapy. The therapists will be partnering with the center so they will not receive payment for attending rather they will receive a fifty percent split on profits earned per session. My model encourages the complimentary treatment model to be rolled out away from its usual niche environment and instead it is on offer in a high street setting. Up to now, any complimentary centers which I have seen operating in the high street have operated in below par premises which are not in keeping with a therapeutic environment. By offering a quality service in a high street environment at a competitive rate this presents a unique offering to the customers. Furthermore, the implementation of acupressure rental is a significant addition to the therapeutic center; it provides an economic therapeutic option to the customer while presenting my business with another viable income stream. Also, complementary treatments can be upsold from acupressure rental subscribers and cross sales can be created from therapy customers to acupressure machine rental. Up sales to complementary therapies in the center namely: Acupuncture; Head massage; Reflexology and kinesiology and also cross sales back from the therapies to device rental. There is also the logic behind the therapies been offered; acupuncture is a natural progression from acupressure rental; head massage is a quick and relaxing treatment which suits busy shoppers as does Reflexology.  Ã‚  

Task Centred Practice And Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Social Work Essay

Task Centred Practice And Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Social Work Essay This assignment will focus on two approaches of intervention: Task-Centred Practice (TCP) and Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT). Along the theories interventions description, it will take note on any issues of anti- discrimination practice. It will also point out, the similarities and differences; the advantages and disadvantages of the approaches and finally bring a conclusion. Accordingly to Marsh (2002, p.106) cited in Trevithick (2005), task-centred is a practice approach given that it does not have knowledge based unlike other approaches. However, Doel alleges that t is a practice with knowledge based and one of models of problem solving emerged from both system and learning theory (Trevithick, 2005, p276). Trevithick (2005) states TCP originated from the study done by Reid and Shyne (1969) and Reid Epstein (1972) who allege task-centred practice undertake within the time-limits is effective compare to long-term interventions. TCP deals with problems recognised by service users; problems clients can solve outside hours of sessions; obviously defined problems; problems result from life issues that clients want to change and finally; problems from unacceptable desires by service users (Payne, 2005) It is a most effective practice that tackles individuals and families problems with the process based on the empowerment and partnership work between practitioner and clients who have to work on the agreed tasks based on one task at a time, achievable goals and objective task that can successfully be completed within time-limited (Parker and Bradley 2007). However, task-centred practice has five stages which in relating to scenario one; first, professional, Tom, Mary and Matt have to identify their behaviours problems. Second, they have to agree on the specific tasks with expected changes. For example Tom and Matt, have to agree tasks that will help to modify their anxieties. Mary also needs to agree tasks to help to lessen her fear so that she re-engages with her friends and families. In addition, Mary needs parenting skills to enable her to handle Matts unwanted behaviour. Third, they have to devise tasks based on the agreed goals. Fourth, signed contract on the achievable tasks and lastly, end tasks (Coulshed 2006). Moreover, task-centred practice required social worker in addition to the selective agreed targets within time-limited; to use tasks to improve obvious problems; re-assess tasks and finally negotiate with clients (Stepney 2000). Hence, professional has to work with Mary, Tom and Matt within time schedule to identify their obvious maladaptive behaviour and to review and continue negotiation them to realise what changes have been made. Stepney Ford (2000) cited in Howe (2009) describe task-centred as a method that can be easily modified to use in the various circumstances to solve individuals problems but it doesnt focus on the clients unconscious mind. However, Reid Epstein (1972) argue that Task-centre model is effective to a particular problems of interpersonal conflict within families; disaffection in social relationship; problems in dealing with formal organisations; difficulties in role performance; problems of social transition; reactive emotional distress and problems in securing adequate material resources including behavioural problems (Stepney Ford, 2000, P.52) Cognitive Behavioural Therapy was emerged in 1950 1960 to counter the primacy of the psychoanalytic practice however; it was originated from social psychology (Coulshed 2006). It is also an approach that deals with humans thoughts, images, beliefs and attitudes that human have and how humans behaviour are impacted by and influenced these (Lindsay, 2009). Moreover, Cognitive Behaviour practice focuses on modifying individuals environment whereby behaviours arise, cause, prompt, provoke and its consequences (Parker Bradley, 2007) as well as describing and pointing out clients behavioural problems of social phobias, anxiety and depression (Payne, 2005). According to Coulshed and Orme (2006) behaviour is learnt and can be unlearned then new one can be learned to replace an existing behaviour therefore, they state four types of learning: respondent conditioning whereby humans unconscious behaviour can be controlled; operant conditioning whereby behaviour is modified as a result of its consequences for instance the reward. Next, observational learning in which human being can adapt new attitude by learning from other people. This could be a case of Matt with Tom who is a fathers figure in the family. Finally, cognitive learning whereby humans attitudes are controlled by the environment as their feeling and thoughts are attached to an event (Coulshed 2006). Moreover, CBT is a model that deals with anger, depression, anxiety, conduct disorders such as phobias as well as helping the individuals to manage their anxiety and offending behaviour by challenging the unacceptable behaviour and negative thoughts (Howe 2009 P.70). Coulshed Orme (2006) suggest eight stages in CBT. Stage one: is the engagement whereby clients and professional have to explore expectations and be clear about roles and who should do; stage two: is problem focus whereby worker is required to identify and clarify problems that troubled clients and dealing with it in the chronological order; stage three: is problem assessment whereby practitioner have to ask open question to enable clients to openly discuss his behaviour, feeling and thoughts on event so that worker find out how clients would behave differently; stage four: required professional to equip clients with cognitive therapy skills and then make observation whether clients have understood and responded positively to the thoughts; stage five: target and challenge the associated assumptions; stage six: use of questions to motivate clients to recognise oneself in order to change their personal negative view; stage seven: setting behavioural homework task for clients whereby wo rker have to keep records of the positive progress; stage eight: ending task by enhancing clients skills so that he is able to handle future problem (Coulshed, 2006) Moreover, CBT helps clients to manage their anxieties and to realise when they are getting angry by teaching them the relaxation methods as well as requiring practitioner at the same time to identify problems in order to make an accurate evaluation in detail by taking notes of when, with whom and how often it occurs (Howe 2009 P.70) [According to Scott and Dryden (2003), CBT is underpinned by knowledge about how we learn and it is divided into four main areas of increasing coping skills, problem solving, cognitive restructuring and structural cognitive therapy (Lindsay 2009, p.68)] There some similarities between two models, they focused on the specific problems, follow particular structures and they are experimental to problems and practice within time-limits (Coulshed, 2006). Both approaches have problem-solving characteristics and their practices are based on partnership and agreed tasks between worker and clients to plan and implement achievable goals; they also use motivation to encourage clients so that they obviously and precisely detail the disturbed experiences (Payne, 2005). Moreover, Nezu et al. (1989) allege, TCP and CBT as problem-solving; they motivate clients to recognise their existing problems in order to describe it and find alternative solutions and by choosing most successful solution to plan and implement it and then re-examine their progress (Lindsay 2009) However, they are some differences. TCP was initiated and developed on its own merit for particular work in social work whereas CBT was originated from psychological approach (Lindsay 2009) In CBT, the support offer to clients can go beyond intervention schedule whereby client has setback but TCP, is more structured and practice within set time-limits. Moreover, in CBT practitioner make use of observations, assessments and evaluations to weigh up the level of the problem by relying on the behavioural learning theory and techniques whereas in TCP; client is requested to describe and discuss their problems on their own (.) Task-centred model has numerous advantages making it to be very popular in most social work practices. It is a practice that encourages partnership work between worker and clients which contributes to solve other parts of clients problem (Parker Bradley 2007) As a problem-solving practice, its intervention is based on short-term; clear distinct tasks and dealt with problems in the chronological order; clients are motivated to help to boost their self-esteem and strengths to succeed goals (Lindsay 2009] In addition, Task-centred model has more power to deal with anti-discriminatory because of its acknowledgement of the environment demands; clients are empowered and; it also deals with oppression issue Ahmad (1990) and OHagan (1994) cited in (Payne, 2005). Furthermore, Task-centred approach elicits a series of problems and tempts to enhance clients capability to handle their difficulties and focuses on the practical achievable tasks to help bring solution to the problems in order to assist clients emotions. Payne 2005) Task-centred practice is disadvantaged because it also deals with reluctant clients and those who have inability to consent or sign contract given that this practice is based on collaboration between practitioner and clients who both have to discuss and agreed specific tasks to be done (Payne, 2005). This is shows an anti-discrimination practice as Thompson (2006 argues that, discrimination practice leads to oppression in the way that people with prominent position can in their roles or relation with powerless people discriminate against them. The intervention of the task-centres model based on the time-limits and partnership between worker and clients constitutes barriers as professional might not evidenced clients full recovery as tasks success are rely on the relationship between worker and client (Payne 2005). Moreover, the results of the task-centred practice intervention might bring clients to accept a certain standard or norms of behaviour and at its worst time; the practice might be seen as the behaviour modification and also the need of the organisations management and performance to meet their targets might also hindered clients needs (Coulshed, 2005). Disadvantages of CBT: The application of CBT has ethical issue grounds given that service users do not take control of behaviour other than worker controlling clients behaviour which could lead practitioner to impose his desires on service users who might not prior consented as this is in the favour of social or political policies. This can sometimes lead to excess of power of control and particularly when techniques are badly applied by other practitioners (Payne 2005 p.129) that can be oppressive and anti-discriminatory. It is also a practice that deal with individuals because its procedures omits the feelings of clients and doesnt recognise clients past events as well as denying human its integral part (Parker Bradley 2007).

Achilles :: essays research papers

Achilles was the son of the mortal Peleus and the Nereid Thetis. He was the mightiest of the Greeks who fought in the Trojan War, and was the hero of Homer's Iliad. Thetis attempted unsuccessfully to make her son immortal. There are two versions of the story. In the earlier version, Thetis anointed the infant with ambrosia and then placed him upon a fire to burn away his mortal portions; she was interrupted by Peleus, whereupon she abandoned both father and son in a rage. Peleus placed the child in the care of the Centaur Chiron, who raised and educated the boy. In the later version, she held the young Achilles by the heel and dipped him in the river Styx; everything the sacred waters touched became invulnerable, but the heel remained dry and therefore unprotected. When Achilles was a boy, the seer Calchas prophesied that the city of Troy could not be taken without his help. Thetis knew that, if her son went to Troy, he would die an early death, so she sent him to the court of Lycomedes, in Scyros; there he was hidden, disguised as a young girl. During his stay he had an affair with Lycomedes' daughter, Deidameia, and she had a son, Pyrrhus (or Neoptolemus), by him. Achilles' disguise was finally penetrated by Odysseus, who placed arms and armor amidst a display of women's finery and seized upon Achilles when he was the only "maiden" to be fascinated by the swords and shields. Achilles then went willingly with Odysseus to Troy, leading a host of his father's Myrmidons and accompanied by his tutor Phoenix and his close friend Patroclus. At Troy, Achilles distinguished himself as an undefeatable warrior. Among his other exploits, he captured twenty-three towns in Trojan territory, including the town of Lyrnessos, where he took the woman Briseis as a war-prize. Later on Agamemnon, the leader of the Greeks, was forced by an oracle of Apollo to give up his own war-prize, the woman Chryseis, and took Briseis away from Achilles as compensation for his loss. This action sparked the central plot of the Iliad, for Achilles became enraged and refused to fight for the Greeks any further. The war went badly, and the Greeks offered handsome reparations to their greatest warrior; Achilles still refused to fight in person, but he agreed to allow his friend Patroclus to fight in his place, wearing his armor.

Mass media

How have the mass media affected human life? The role of mass media in the civilized society is still provoking much controversy. Some individuals claim that mass media converts the world into a better place to live in, others, in the meantime, argue that it brings us nothing but trouble. From my perspective, mass media is widely acknowledged for its merits regarding entertainment and information purposes. In the first place, mass media is considered a source of entertainment.To the present day, television and the Internet offer a surprisingly broad variety of ecreational forms such as films, music, games, comics and so on. This wide range, coupled with the blossom of multi-channel technology, facilitates viewers's relaxation after a hard-working day. Such is the popularity of mass media that hardly any day goes by without tens of thousands of users turning to it for entertainment. In addition, mass media functions as a means of Information.It contains a truly large amount of informa tion of all types: from economic, political to environmental news, which assists onlookers or subscribers in keeping up with the current affairs In the world. For example, It Is mass media that helps broadcast the Fukushima's nuclear explosion all over the world, hence enabling us to be Informed of the catastrophe within seconds. But for the information purpose of mass media, human beings would have been kept In the dark about the outside world.Those holding the reverse view argue that mass media does more harm than good for utilizers. Overexposure to televisions, computers or even newspapers can lead to eye disorders, headache, backache, so on. Should their heath suffer, how can they live normally, let alone comfortably? Nevertheless, the majority of victims are seen In sers of young age whose awareness of the bad effects of the mass media has not been fully developed. As long as they are educated, the Impact of mass media will not be so Intense. On balance, mass media Is one of th e focuses of todays concern.Although It possesses some drawbacks, It Is my strong belief that mass media play such an Indispensable part In human lives that hardly anyone can Imagine a world without Its appearance. In addition, mass media functions as a means of information. It contains a truly news, which assists onlookers or subscribers in keeping up with the current affairs in the world. For example, it is mass media that helps broadcast the Fukushima's nuclear explosion all over the world, hence enabling us to be informed of the beings would have been kept in the dark about the outside world. ive normally, let alone comfortably? Nevertheless, the majority of victims are seen in been fully developed. As long as they are educated, the impact of mass media will not be so intense. On balance, mass media is one of the focuses of todays concern. Although it possesses some drawbacks, it is my strong belief that mass media play such an indispensable part in human lives that hardly anyon e can imagine a world without its Mass media The twosome flow theory gave 4 | Page way to the multiples flow theory of mass communication or diffusion of innovation theory. Katz, Lieu (1973). The twosome flow of communication: an update report of an hypothesis. In Anis and Cox(des. ), Marketing Classics, Pl 751 93. Conceptual Framework In this framework, the source will be the local TV networks because they are the one who will dub the foreign cartoons. The message will be promotion of nationalism and patriotism to Filipino children who often watch Digitized cartoons.The mass media is the airing of Digitized cartoons. The opinion leaders 5 | page will be the parents of the children who often watch Digitized cartoons. They are the opinion leaders because the researchers will interview arenas from Magmata, Manila and Guenon City to know their opinion about Digitized cartoons and their opinion about it promoting nationalism or just to help children to understand the show better because it's dubbed t our national language. Lastly t he children are the public because they are the target audience of the local TV networks.Sass motion The reason why the local TV networks continue to air Digitized cartoons, is for Filipino children to understand the show better, because if the cartoons were in English, the people who use it as a second language far Outnumber those w ho speak it as a first language. It doesn't promote nationalism because its setting is from western and Asian countries. The shows are Digitized because they only want to help children that are not yet familiar or incapable of speaking English h to understand the shows better.Many parents discourage their children to watch h Digitized cartoons because it doesn't help them to enhance their English proficiency which is important nowadays because it's the universal language. Depend will not consider this as a promotion for nationalism because Of its stet inning. Significance of the Study The researcher's aim is to know the reasons why local networks intent ion to Digitize cartoons and do they really want to promote nationalism by 6 | page dubbing foreign cartoons in Filipino language and to know the advantages and disadvantages of watching Digitized cartoons.The significance of this study to local TV networks is to know their reason of airing Digitized cartoons, to parents, it's significance is to understand the TV networks' reason Of airing Digitized cartoons and does it really help their children to understand the show better, as per the children, it's significance is to know the lessons or will they benefit if they watch Digitized cartoons. This duty will help the viewers to understand why they should or shouldn't encourage their children to watch Digitized foreign cartoons.If they really want to promote nationalism, they should make a Toga sitcom or TV shows for children like Abbott, Sinkable and Heartwarming. Scope and Limitation The people that are involved in this study are the local TV networks like GAMMA, ABACAS and TV that a ir Digitized cartoons, Depend and the parents of the children who often watch Digitized foreign cartoons, the parents and children that the researchers will interview are coming from Magmata City, Patters, Tagging 7 | page ND Guenon City. In two months the researchers will be able to gather all the data that are needed in this study.Although this research is carefully prepared, there will be some unavoidable limitations like the limited availability of the local network and Depend representatives, weather and the location where the researchers will conduct their interview. The researchers will interview the parents of the children who often watch Digitized cartoons, their children and representatives from ABACAS, GAMMA and The researchers will interview them by the end of October. The researcher will conduct an interview with he parents and their children at their residence and the representatives will be interviewed at their office.Definition of terms Cartoons A cartoon is a form o f dimensional illustrated visual art. While the specific definition has changed over time, modern usage refers to a typically nonrealistic or semanticist drawing or painting intended for satire, caricature, or Depth Department of Education (abbreviated as Depend; Filipino: Quarrelsomeness's) is the executive department of the Philippine government responsible for ensuring access to, promoting equity in, and 8 | page improving the quality of basic education. It is the main agency tasked to manage and govern the Philippine system of basic education.It is the chief formulator of Dubbed When videos from other countries have been translated. Foreign engage A language indigenous to another country. It is also a language not spoken in the native country of the person referred to. Mainstream It is the common current thought of the majority. It includes all popular culture and media culture, typically disseminated by mass media. Nationalism A feeling that people have of being loyal to and pr oud of their country often with the belief that it is better and more important Han other countries. Mass Media This chapter presents the background of the study, statement of the problem, research objectives, research questions, significance the study and limitation of the study. Background of the study Formerly perceived as an activity that only large companies in developed economies engage in, the reality is, success of every organisation, whether large or small is dependent on building a relationship with their customers (Kotler, 2002). Small businesses have used promotion to raise customer's awareness and interest, announce new products, publicise an improvement and stay competitive (Garity, 2010). The more people respond to promotion, the better it is for the business and the society in large. Promotion allows customers compare and contrast products and services to ensure they get the best (Kotler, 2002)Kayode (2007) defines promotion as the conscious effort that involves setting up mediums that a business can utilize in persuading customers to buy products or services, or even promote a concept. Promotion as a means to communicated existed in pre-historical times. Egyptian papyrus, waxed boards and roadside rocks were used in the ancient times to present upcoming sales to the citizens (Feofanov, 2004). Technological advancements gave way to expansion of product promotion through mass media. In 20th century, the era of industrial and production though technology and innovation to develop sophisticated and organized means of communicating with potential customers. With the help of radio, billboards, flyers, television, magazines, newspapers and brochures, small businesses were able to to create awareness of their products (Patino ; Pitta 2012) and communicate with their customers. Breirley (1995) explains further that small businesses also engage in promotion with an objective to influence behaviours, appeal to customers as well as motivate them to buy or not buy certain products. In developing countries, broadcast and print media remain the most preferred means of promotion due to its nature of information richness whose format allows text, animation and audio (Murmaan, 2013). According to Marmori (2009) radio and television give businesses the possibility to reach a sufficient amount of targeted audience as well as a high frequency of words in the message distributed. They have the ability to reach even illiterate people. Television and radio transmits locally, regionally as well as internationally giving the promotion a widest coverage. Although the most popular, radio and television are expensive media for promotion of products and services in comparison to short exposure time of their message. One's message has to be brief, and sometimes considered a nuisance when aired in the middle of a program. With the creation of World Wide Web in the early 1990s, internet as mechanism of disseminating information between individuals, regardless of their geographical destination has had a landmark effect on how small businesses are promoting their products/ services (Leiner, Cerf, Clark, Kahn, 2017). Formerly regarded as a communication tool, internet in now a certifiably revolutionary technology that has enabled businesses a faster and better two-way communication between them and their customers. In the first era, internet belonged to individuals, an aspect that has long changed as businesses have taken over and are using social media to create awareness of their products or services (Kaplain & Heinlein, 2010). The revolution in technology has changed how businesses are establishing and maintaining relationships with their customers (Breirley, 1995). Through websites and social media and increase of mobile phone, both small businesses and customers have a quick access to information, low promotional cost, multimedia enriched and limitless space (Stojkovi?, 2012). Internet has offered a global platform to sell and buy products and services for small business formerly limited by lack of sufficient budgets.In Tanzania, many small businesses are integrating social media as part of the promotion plan. Ayman's Investment is a one such business that engages social media via Instagram to promote its services and products which includes a hair and beauty and bridal clothes respectively.Social MediaBuettner (2016) describes social media as computer affiliated tools that enables users to share information in virtual networks, faster and effective. When adopted in business, Social Media offers a variety of benefits and opportunities for businesses to promote their businesses (Celine, 2012). Therefore, businesses cannot afford to bypass Social Media. Mehmood ; Shabbir (2016) acknowledges that indeed social media has transformed not only social interaction but the way of business. Whether websites, social networks or blogs, people are sharing their experiences and information. Smith ;Treadaway (2010) observed that the rise of social media has more or less coincided with the decline of traditional media with its acceptance rate continuing to increase as compare to traditional media. Social media allow users to create content by taking and sharing photos of their products as well as write captions to compliment the photos (Bui, 2014). Ben Long, a photographer and writer highlights the use of photos as a powerful tool to evoke a potent experience to viewers (Long, 2011). Through social media, businesses can generate, authentic conversations between them and customers and they are sharing their thoughts and experiences at no cost at all, unlike word-of-mouth which is limited in reach and broadcast media that is expensive (Evans,2008). They include Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and SnapChat. Although less popular that Facebook, Instagram is rapidly becoming one of today's top choices among small businesses. Launched in October 2010, Instagram had 800 million active subscribers in September, 2017. With 7 million internet users in Tanzania, small businesses are using Instagram as an online mobile photo, video-sharing and social networking service enabling them take pictures and videos, and share them other users who are potential and existing customers (Gross, 2010). Both small and large businesses are using Instagram is an ideal promotion tool (Keating, 2015).Small InvestmentsSmall Investments also referred as Small Businesses are also referred to as Small and Medium Enterprises or Micro, Medium Enterprises. In Tanzania, small investments are described as those with the ability to engage or employ up to 4 with a capital amounting up to Tshs.5.0 million (SME policy, 2002). Tanzania Chamber of Commerce, Industry and Commerce estimate that at least 95% of business in Tanzania are small businesses and contribute about 35% of the country's Gross Development Product (GDP) making small business a crucial subject of discussion.This study is determined to find out how and why small businesses are adopting social media as a promotion tool. Mass media The twosome flow theory gave 4 | Page way to the multiples flow theory of mass communication or diffusion of innovation theory. Katz, Lieu (1973). The twosome flow of communication: an update report of an hypothesis. In Anis and Cox(des. ), Marketing Classics, Pl 751 93. Conceptual Framework In this framework, the source will be the local TV networks because they are the one who will dub the foreign cartoons. The message will be promotion of nationalism and patriotism to Filipino children who often watch Digitized cartoons.The mass media is the airing of Digitized cartoons. The opinion leaders 5 | page will be the parents of the children who often watch Digitized cartoons. They are the opinion leaders because the researchers will interview arenas from Magmata, Manila and Guenon City to know their opinion about Digitized cartoons and their opinion about it promoting nationalism or just to help children to understand the show better because it's dubbed t our national language. Lastly t he children are the public because they are the target audience of the local TV networks.Sass motion The reason why the local TV networks continue to air Digitized cartoons, is for Filipino children to understand the show better, because if the cartoons were in English, the people who use it as a second language far Outnumber those w ho speak it as a first language. It doesn't promote nationalism because its setting is from western and Asian countries. The shows are Digitized because they only want to help children that are not yet familiar or incapable of speaking English h to understand the shows better.Many parents discourage their children to watch h Digitized cartoons because it doesn't help them to enhance their English proficiency which is important nowadays because it's the universal language. Depend will not consider this as a promotion for nationalism because Of its stet inning. Significance of the Study The researcher's aim is to know the reasons why local networks intent ion to Digitize cartoons and do they really want to promote nationalism by 6 | page dubbing foreign cartoons in Filipino language and to know the advantages and disadvantages of watching Digitized cartoons.The significance of this study to local TV networks is to know their reason of airing Digitized cartoons, to parents, it's significance is to understand the TV networks' reason Of airing Digitized cartoons and does it really help their children to understand the show better, as per the children, it's significance is to know the lessons or will they benefit if they watch Digitized cartoons. This duty will help the viewers to understand why they should or shouldn't encourage their children to watch Digitized foreign cartoons.If they really want to promote nationalism, they should make a Toga sitcom or TV shows for children like Abbott, Sinkable and Heartwarming. Scope and Limitation The people that are involved in this study are the local TV networks like GAMMA, ABACAS and TV that a ir Digitized cartoons, Depend and the parents of the children who often watch Digitized foreign cartoons, the parents and children that the researchers will interview are coming from Magmata City, Patters, Tagging 7 | page ND Guenon City. In two months the researchers will be able to gather all the data that are needed in this study.Although this research is carefully prepared, there will be some unavoidable limitations like the limited availability of the local network and Depend representatives, weather and the location where the researchers will conduct their interview. The researchers will interview the parents of the children who often watch Digitized cartoons, their children and representatives from ABACAS, GAMMA and The researchers will interview them by the end of October. The researcher will conduct an interview with he parents and their children at their residence and the representatives will be interviewed at their office.Definition of terms Cartoons A cartoon is a form o f dimensional illustrated visual art. While the specific definition has changed over time, modern usage refers to a typically nonrealistic or semanticist drawing or painting intended for satire, caricature, or Depth Department of Education (abbreviated as Depend; Filipino: Quarrelsomeness's) is the executive department of the Philippine government responsible for ensuring access to, promoting equity in, and 8 | page improving the quality of basic education. It is the main agency tasked to manage and govern the Philippine system of basic education.It is the chief formulator of Dubbed When videos from other countries have been translated. Foreign engage A language indigenous to another country. It is also a language not spoken in the native country of the person referred to. Mainstream It is the common current thought of the majority. It includes all popular culture and media culture, typically disseminated by mass media. Nationalism A feeling that people have of being loyal to and pr oud of their country often with the belief that it is better and more important Han other countries.